ZALTRAP (Page 2 of 5)
5.7 Proteinuria
Severe proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) occurred more frequently in patients treated with ZALTRAP. In patients with mCRC, proteinuria was reported in 62% patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI compared to 41% patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI. Grade 3–4 proteinuria occurred in 8% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI compared to 1% of patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Nephrotic syndrome occurred in 2 patients (0.5%) treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI compared to none of the patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI. TMA was reported in 3 of 2258 patients with cancer enrolled across completed studies.
Monitor proteinuria by urine dipstick analysis and/or urinary protein creatinine ratio (UPCR) for the development or worsening of proteinuria during ZALTRAP therapy. Patients with a dipstick of ≥2+ for protein or a UPCR greater than 1 should undergo a 24-hour urine collection.
Suspend ZALTRAP administration for proteinuria 2 grams per 24 hours or more, and resume when proteinuria is less than 2 grams per 24 hours. If recurrent, suspend until proteinuria is less than 2 grams per 24 hours and then permanently reduce the ZALTRAP dose to 2 mg per kg. Discontinue ZALTRAP in patients who develop nephrotic syndrome or TMA [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
5.8 Neutropenia and Neutropenic Complications
A higher incidence of neutropenic complications (febrile neutropenia and neutropenic infection) occurred in patients receiving ZALTRAP. In patients with mCRC, Grade 3–4 neutropenia occurred in 37% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI compared to 30% patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Grade 3–4 febrile neutropenia occurred in 4% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI compared to 2% of patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI. Grade 3–4 neutropenic infection/sepsis occurred in 1.5% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI and 1.2% of patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI.
Monitor CBC with differential count at baseline and prior to initiation of each cycle of ZALTRAP. Delay ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI until neutrophil count is at or above 1.5 × 109 /L.
5.9 Diarrhea and Dehydration
The incidence of severe diarrhea is increased in patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI. In patients with mCRC, Grade 3–4 diarrhea was reported in 19% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI compared to 8% of patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI. Grade 3–4 dehydration was reported in 4% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI compared to 1% of patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. The incidence of diarrhea is increased in patients who are age 65 years or older as compared to patients younger than 65 years of age [see Use in Specific Populations (8.5)]. Monitor elderly patients closely for diarrhea.
5.10 Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome
RPLS (also known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome) was reported in 0.5% of 3795 patients treated with ZALTRAP monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy.
Confirm the diagnosis of RPLS with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and discontinue ZALTRAP in patients who develop RPLS. Symptoms usually resolve or improve within days, although some patients have experienced ongoing neurologic sequelae or death [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
5.11 Embryo-Fetal Toxicity
Based on findings from animal studies and its mechanism of action, ZALTRAP can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women. Administration of ziv-aflibercept during the period of organogenesis was embryotoxic and teratogenic in rabbits at exposure levels approximately 0.3 times the human exposure at the 4 mg per kg dose. Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception during treatment with ZALTRAP and for 3 months following the last dose [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1, 8.3)].
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS
The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling:
- Hemorrhage [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
- Gastrointestinal Perforation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]
- Impaired Wound Healing [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]
- Fistula Formation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]
- Hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]
- Arterial Thromboembolic Events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]
- Proteinuria [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)]
- Neutropenia and Neutropenic Complications [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]
- Diarrhea and Dehydration [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]
- Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10)]
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety of ZALTRAP in combination with FOLFIRI was evaluated in VELOUR (EFC102621) [see Clinical Studies (14)]. Patients received ZALTRAP 4 mg per kg (N=611) or placebo (N=605) intravenously every two weeks (one cycle) in combination with FOLFIRI. Patients received a median of 9 cycles of ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI.
The most common Grade 3–4 adverse reactions (≥5%) in the ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI arm were neutropenia, diarrhea, hypertension, leukopenia, stomatitis, fatigue, proteinuria, and asthenia.
The most frequent adverse reactions leading to permanent discontinuation in ≥1% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI regimen were asthenia/fatigue, infections, diarrhea, dehydration, hypertension, stomatitis, venous thromboembolic events, neutropenia, and proteinuria.
The ZALTRAP dose was reduced and/or omitted in 17% of patients. Cycle delays >7 days occurred in 60% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI.
The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) in the ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI arm were leukopenia, diarrhea, neutropenia, proteinuria, AST increased, stomatitis, fatigue, thrombocytopenia, ALT increased, hypertension, weight decreased, decreased appetite, epistaxis, abdominal pain, dysphonia, serum creatinine increased, and headache.
Adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities that occurred in ≥5% (all grades) of patients receiving ZALTRAP in combination with FOLFIRI and which occurred at ≥2% higher frequency in patients who received ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI compared to those who received placebo/FOLFIRI in VELOUR are shown in Table 1. VELOUR was not designed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference in adverse reaction rates for ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI as compared to placebo/FOLFIRI for any adverse reactions listed below.
Primary System Organ ClassPreferred Term | ZALTRAP/ FOLFIRI(N=611) | Placebo/ FOLFIRI(N=605) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
All grades (%) | Grades 3–4 (%) | All grades (%) | Grades 3–4 (%) | |
Note: Adverse Reactions are reported using MedDRA version 13.1 and graded using NCI CTC version 3.0 | ||||
| ||||
Blood and lymphatic system disorders | ||||
Leukopenia | 78 | 16 | 72 | 12 |
Neutropenia | 67 | 37 | 57 | 30 |
Thrombocytopenia | 48 | 3 | 35 | 2 |
Gastrointestinal disorders | ||||
Diarrhea | 69 | 19 | 57 | 8 |
Stomatitis | 50 | 13 | 33 | 5 |
Abdominal Pain | 27 | 4 | 24 | 2 |
Abdominal Pain Upper | 11 | 1 | 8 | 1 |
Hemorrhoids | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Rectal Hemorrhage | 5 | 0.7 | 2 | 0.5 |
Proctalgia | 5 | 0.3 | 2 | 0.3 |
Investigations | ||||
AST increased | 62 | 3 | 54 | 2 |
ALT increased | 50 | 3 | 39 | 2 |
Weight decreased | 32 | 3 | 14 | 0.8 |
Renal and urinary disorders | ||||
Proteinuria * | 62 | 8 | 41 | 1 |
Serum creatinine increased | 23 | 0 | 19 | 0.5 |
General disorders and administration site conditions | ||||
Fatigue | 48 | 13 | 39 | 8 |
Asthenia | 18 | 5 | 13 | 3 |
Vascular disorders | ||||
Hypertension | 41 | 19 | 11 | 1.5 |
Metabolism and nutrition disorders | ||||
Decreased Appetite | 32 | 3 | 24 | 2 |
Dehydration | 9 | 4 | 3 | 1 |
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | ||||
Epistaxis | 28 | 0.2 | 7 | 0 |
Dysphonia | 25 | 0.5 | 3 | 0 |
Dyspnea | 12 | 0.8 | 9 | 0.8 |
Oropharyngeal Pain | 8 | 0.2 | 3 | 0 |
Rhinorrhea | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Nervous system disorders | ||||
Headache | 22 | 2 | 9 | 0.3 |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | ||||
Palmar-Plantar Erythrodysesthesia Syndrome | 11 | 3 | 4 | 0.5 |
Skin Hyperpigmentation | 8 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
Infections | ||||
Urinary Tract Infection | 9 | 0.8 | 6 | 0.8 |
Infections occurred at a higher frequency in patients receiving ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI (46%, all grades; 12%, Grade 3–4) than in patients receiving placebo/FOLFIRI (33%, all grades; 7%, Grade 3–4), including urinary tract infection, nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, catheter site infection, and tooth infection.
In patients with mCRC, severe hypersensitivity reactions have been reported with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI (0.3%) and placebo/FOLFIRI (0.5%).
In patients with mCRC, venous thromboembolic events (VTE), consisting primarily of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, occurred in 9% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI and 7% of patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI. Grade 3–4 VTE occurred in 8% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI and in 6% of patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI. Pulmonary embolism occurred in 5% of patients treated with ZALTRAP/FOLFIRI and 3.4% of patients treated with placebo/FOLFIRI.
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