Zumandimine (Page 2 of 7)

2.4 Advice in Case of Gastrointestinal Disturbances

In case of severe vomiting or diarrhea, absorption may not be complete and additional contraceptive measures should be taken. If vomiting occurs within 3 to 4 hours after tablet-taking, this can be regarded as a missed tablet.

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Zumandimine (drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol tablets, USP) are available in blister packs.

Each blister pack contains 28 tablets in the following order:

  • 21 light pink to pink tablets each containing 3 mg of drospirenone (DRSP) and 0.03 mg of ethinyl estradiol (EE) debossed with “S” on one side and “76” on other side.
  • 7 inert green tablets debossed with “S” on one side and “37” on other side.

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Zumandimine is contraindicated in females who are known to have or develop the following conditions:

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Thromboembolic Disorders and Other Vascular Problems

Stop Zumandimine if an arterial or venous thrombotic (VTE) event occurs.

Based on presently available information on Zumandimine, DRSP-containing COCs may be associated with a higher risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) than COCs containing the progestin levonorgestrel or some other progestins. Epidemiologic studies that compared the risk of VTE reported that the risk ranged from no increase to a three-fold increase. Before initiating use of Zumandimine in a new COC user or a woman who is switching from a contraceptive that does not contain DRSP, consider the risks and benefits of a DRSP-containing COC in light of her risk of a VTE. Known risk factors for VTE include smoking, obesity, and family history of VTE, in addition to other factors that contraindicate use of COCs [see Contraindications (4)].

A number of studies have compared the risk of VTE for users of Zumandimine to the risk for users of other COCs, including COCs containing levonorgestrel. Those that were required or sponsored by regulatory agencies are summarized in Table 2.

Table 2: Estimates (Hazard Ratios) of Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Current Users of Zumandimine Compared to Users of Oral Contraceptives that Contain Other Progestins
a) “New users” — no use of combination hormonal contraception for at least the prior 6 months b) Includes low-dose COCs containing the following progestins: norgestimate, norethindrone, levonorgestrel, desogestrel, norgestrel, medroxyprogesterone, or ethynodiol diacetate c) Includes low-dose COCs containing the following progestins: levonorgestrel, desogestrel, dienogest, chlormadinone acetate, gestodene, cyproterone acetate, norgestimate, or norethindrone d) Includes low-dose COCs containing the following progestins: norgestimate, norethindrone, or levonorgestrel
Epidemiologic Study (Author, Year of Publication) Population Studied Comparator Product (all are low-dose COCs; with ≤ 0.04 mg of EE) Hazard Ratio (HR) (95% CI)
i3 Ingenix (Seeger 2007) Initiators, including new usersa All COCs available in the US during the conduct of the studyb HR: 0.9(0.5 to 1.6)
EURAS (Dinger 2007) Initiators, including new usersa All COCs available in Europeduring the conduct of the studyc Levonorgestrel/EEHR: 0.9(0.6 to 1.4)HR: 1.0(0.6 to 1.8)
“FDA-funded study” (2011) New usersa All users (i.e., initiation and continuing use of study combination hormonal contraception)Other COCs available during the course of the studyd Levonorgestrel/0.03 mg EEOther COCs available during the course of the studyd Levonorgestrel/0.03 mg EEHR: 1.8(1.3 to 2.4)HR: 1.6(1.1 to 2.2)HR: 1.7(1.4 to 2.1)HR: 1.5(1.2 to 1.8)

In addition to these “regulatory studies,” other studies of various designs have been conducted. Overall, there are two prospective cohort studies (see Table 2): the US post-approval safety study Ingenix [Seeger 2007], the European post-approval safety study EURAS (European Active Surveillance Study) [Dinger 2007]. An extension of the EURAS study, the Long-Term Active Surveillance Study (LASS), did not enroll additional subjects, but continued to assess VTE risk. There are three retrospective cohort studies: one study in the US funded by the FDA (see Table 2), and two from Denmark [Lidegaard 2009, Lidegaard 2011]. There are two case-control studies: the Dutch MEGA study analysis [van Hylckama Vlieg 2009] and the German case-control study [Dinger 2010]. There are two nested case-control studies that evaluated the risk of non-fatal idiopathic VTE: the PharMetrics study [Jick 2011] and the GPRD study [Parkin 2011]. The results of all of these studies are presented in Figure 1.

Figure 1: VTE Risk with Zumandimine Relative to LNG-Containing COCs (adjusted risk#)

Figure 1: VTE Risk with drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol Relative to LNG-Containing COCs (adjusted risk#)
(click image for full-size original)

Risk ratios displayed on logarithmic scale; risk ratio < 1 indicates a lower risk of VTE for DRSP, > 1 indicates an increased risk of VTE for DRSP.

*Comparator “Other COCs”, including LNG- containing COCs

† LASS is an extension of the EURAS study

#Some adjustment factors are indicated by superscript letters: a) Current heavy smoking, b) hypertension, c) obesity, d) family history, e) age, f) BMI, g) duration of use, h) VTE history, i) period of inclusion, j) calendar year, k) education, l) length of use, m) parity, n) chronic disease, o) concomitant medication, p) smoking, q) duration of exposure, r) site

(References: Ingenix [Seeger 2007]1 , EURAS (European Active Surveillance Study) [Dinger 2007]2 , LASS (Long-Term Active Surveillance Study) [Dinger, unpublished document on file], FDA-funded study [Sidney 2011]3 , Danish [Lidegaard 2009]4 , Danish re-analysis [Lidegaard 2011]5 , MEGA study [van Hylckama Vlieg 2009]6 , German Case-Control study [Dinger 2010]7 , PharMetrics [Jick 2011]8 , GPRD study [Parkin 2011]9)

Although the absolute VTE rates are increased for users of hormonal contraceptives compared to non-users, the rates during pregnancy are even greater, especially during the post-partum period (see Figure 2). The risk of VTE in women using COCs has been estimated to be 3 to 9 per 10,000 woman-years. The risk of VTE is highest during the first year of use. Data from a large, prospective cohort safety study of various COCs suggest that this increased risk, as compared to that in non-COC users, is greatest during the first 6 months of COC use. Data from this safety study indicate that the greatest risk of VTE is present after initially starting a COC or restarting (following a 4 week or greater pill-free interval) the same or a different COC.

The risk of thromboembolic disease due to oral contraceptives gradually disappears after COC use is discontinued.

Figure 2 shows the risk of developing a VTE for women who are not pregnant and do not use oral contraceptives, for women who use oral contraceptives, for pregnant women, and for women in the postpartum period. To put the risk of developing a VTE into perspective: If 10,000 women who are not pregnant and do not use oral contraceptives are followed for one year, between 1 and 5 of these women will develop a VTE.

Figure 2: Likelihood of Developing a VTE

Figure 2 Likelihood of Developing a VTE
(click image for full-size original)

If feasible, stop Zumandimine at least 4 weeks before and through 2 weeks after major surgery or other surgeries known to have an elevated risk of thromboembolism.

Start Zumandimine no earlier than 4 weeks after delivery, in women who are not breastfeeding. The risk of postpartum thromboembolism decreases after the third postpartum week, whereas the risk of ovulation increases after the third postpartum week.

Use of COCs also increases the risk of arterial thromboses such as strokes and myocardial infarctions, especially in women with other risk factors for these events.

COCs have been shown to increase both the relative and attributable risks of cerebrovascular events (thrombotic and hemorrhagic strokes), although, in general, the risk is greatest among older (>35 years of age), hypertensive women who also smoke. COCs also increase the risk for stroke in women with other underlying risk factors.

Oral contraceptives must be used with caution in women with cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Stop Zumandimine if there is unexplained loss of vision, proptosis, diplopia, papilledema, or retinal vascular lesions. Evaluate for retinal vein thrombosis immediately. [See Adverse Reactions (6).]

All MedLibrary.org resources are included in as near-original form as possible, meaning that the information from the original provider has been rendered here with only typographical or stylistic modifications and not with any substantive alterations of content, meaning or intent.

This site is provided for educational and informational purposes only, in accordance with our Terms of Use, and is not intended as a substitute for the advice of a medical doctor, nurse, nurse practitioner or other qualified health professional.

Privacy Policy | Copyright © 2024. All Rights Reserved.